Gene expression is a crucial biological process through which the information encoded in a gene is converted into a functional product. These products include RNA molecules that either code for proteins or serve other non-coding functions. Gene expression primarily occurs in two key steps: transcription, where DNA is transcribed into messenger RNA (mRNA), and translation, where mRNA is further translated into proteins.
Gene expression has diverse applications within the healthcare sector. It plays a significant role in identifying the molecular signatures of diseases, guiding drug discovery, and determining the cellular pathways involved in various medical conditions. Additionally, gene expression techniques enable the mass production of vital medical substances such as insulin, human growth hormones, human albumin, and monoclonal antibodies.
The rising prevalence of chronic disorders necessitates continuous research and development to create novel treatments. Increasing genomics and proteomics research further supports market growth. Additionally, favorable government support and increasing investments in genomics and proteomics significantly drive the expansion of the gene expression market.
The global gene expression market size is calculated at USD 15.45 billion in 2024, grew to USD 16.23 billion in 2025, and is projected to reach around USD 25.26 billion by 2034. The market is expanding at a CAGR of 5.04% between 2024 and 2034. The rising incidences of chronic disorders, growing genomics & proteomics research, and technological advancements are key drivers of this growth.
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Artificial intelligence (AI) is revolutionizing gene expression analysis by improving accuracy and efficiency. Several researchers have explored AI’s role in gene expression, particularly in deciphering genomic regulatory networks. The integration of AI and machine learning (ML) algorithms enables a more in-depth understanding of diseases and supports the development of enhanced analytical systems.
AI/ML techniques offer both supervised and unsupervised approaches to analyze vast genomic datasets, simplifying predictions and reducing manual errors. AI also plays a crucial role in analyzing patients’ genomic data to identify genetic mutations, variations, and biomarkers associated with different diseases, leading to more precise diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.
In August 2023, researchers from the University of Toronto developed a novel AI model called the single-cell generative pre-trained transformer (scGPT). This model is designed to identify cell types, predict the effects of gene disruptions, and determine gene interactions, thereby advancing research in gene expression analysis.
North America dominated the gene expression market in 2023, driven by factors such as the rising prevalence of chronic diseases, technological advancements, and substantial investments in research and development. Several government organizations, including the National Institute of Health (NIH), the National Human Genome Research Institute (NHGRI), and Health Canada, provide funding to support gene expression research.
For example, in 2023, Genome Canada announced $18.1 million in funding for 13 late-stage research and development projects aimed at tackling major challenges in health, the environment, and agriculture through genomics. Additionally, key market players such as Thermo Fisher Scientific, Bio-Rad Laboratories, and Promega Corporation further strengthen the market landscape.
In February 2024, the U.S. National Science Foundation allocated approximately $12.7 million to nine research teams to explore RNA functions and their potential applications in disease prevention and cancer therapies.
The Asia-Pacific region is projected to experience the fastest growth in the gene expression market due to increasing chronic disease prevalence, the adoption of advanced technologies, and growing research and development initiatives. Governments in China, India, and Japan have launched initiatives and provided funding to support genomics and proteomics research, as well as personalized medicine.
In July 2024, China’s Ministry of Science and Technology introduced a new set of Ethical Guidelines for Human Genome Editing to regulate genetic research and ensure ethical compliance in the country.
Additionally, the expanding biotechnology and biopharmaceutical industries in the Asia-Pacific region contribute to market growth. Various symposiums, workshops, and conferences provide appropriate training and expertise, fostering further advancements in gene expression research and application.
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